Large, pear-shaped gourds grow up to 10 inches long with smooth, durable shells that are ideal for crafting decorative birdhouses. Once fully mature, harvest the gourds while still green and cure them in a well-ventilated area for several months. Before drilling an entrance hole, clean the exterior with a diluted bleach solution. Finish by applying linseed oil or paint to create attractive homes for Purple Martins, Bluebirds, Wrens, and other cavity-nesting birds.